Vote-buying

International Clientelistic Networks: The Case of Venezuela at the United Nations General Assembly, 1999–2015

This article introduces the concept of international clientelism and discusses how this diplomatic tool was employed by Venezuela under Hugo Chávez and Nicolás Maduro as a means to get political support from several Latin American and Caribbean …

Opposite sides, same means: How did Venezuela use clientelistic practices to get international support to its anti-American foreign policy?

In this article, we introduce the concept of international clientelism and discuss how it was a tool used by Venezuela since Hugo Chávez took office to get political support from several Latin American and Caribbean (LAC) countries in international …